Special Issue of Gastroenterology

Viral Hepatitis: A Changing Field

This special issue of Gastroenterology features the latest updates on the evolution of viral hepatitis research and treatment, as well as important commentary on the remaining challenges the field faces.

Current Issue May 2012, Vol. 142, No. 5

Editor's Essential Reading

Clinical—Liver

Adalimumab Induces and Maintains Mucosal Healing in Patients With Crohn's Disease: Data From the EXTEND Trial
Paul Rutgeerts, Gert Van Assche, William J. Sandborn, Douglas C. Wolf, Karel Geboes, Jean-Frédéric Colombel, Walter Reinisch, EXTEND Investigators, Ashish Kumar, Andreas Lazar, Anne Camez, Kathleen G. Lomax, Paul F. Pollack, Geert D'Haens
Following induction therapy with adalimumab, patients with moderately to severely active CD who continue to receive adalimumab are more likely to achieve mucosal healing than those given placebo.

Issue Highlights

Brief Report

A High-Fat Diet Is Associated With Endotoxemia That Originates From the Gut
Endotoxemia, characterized by an excess of circulating bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide, is associated with systemic inflammation and the metabolic syndrome. Placing 8 healthy subjects on a Western-style diet for 1 month induced a 71% increase in plasma levels of endotoxin activity (endotoxemia), whereas a prudent-style diet reduced levels by 31%.

Original Articles—Alimentary Tract

Comparison of Methods to Detect Neoplasia in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration
FISH analysis identifies neoplastic lesions with significantly greater sensitivity than CC in patients with diverse pathologies who underwent EUS with FNA, despite limited tissue sampling for FISH analysis.

Clinical—Liver

High Levels of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Increase Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Low HBV Load
Among patients infected with HBV genotype B or C, determinants of HCC risk include their sex, age, hepatitis B e antigen status, HBV genotype, and levels of alanine aminotransferase and HBV DNA, but not level of HBsAg. Among hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients with low viral loads, HCC risk is determined by levels of HBsAg and alanine aminotransferase and age, but not HBV DNA.

Basic and Translational—Alimentary Tract

Identification of a cKit⁺ Colonic Crypt Base Secretory Cell That Supports Lgr5⁺ Stem Cells in Mice
cKit marks small intestinal Paneth cells and a subset of colonic goblet cells that are regulated by Notch signaling and support Lgr5⁺ stem cells.

View Additional Issue Highlights

25 May 2012
- PDF (174 KB)
CME Exam 1
25 May 2012
- PDF (210 KB)
Discussion
25 May 2012
Chris A. Liacouras
Over the past 10 years, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has become increasingly recognized as a significant problem in a number of specialties, including adult and pediatric gastroenterology, allergy, ...
Is There a Consensus About Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
25 May 2012
Lauren B. Gerson
Liacouras CA, Furuta GT, Hirano I, et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis: Updated consensus recommendations for children and adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:3–20.
A New Era of Hepatitis C Treatment
25 May 2012
Vincent Wai–Sun Wong, Francis Ka–Leung Chan
Lok AS, Gardiner DF, Lawitz E, et al. Preliminary study of two antiviral agents for hepatitis C genotype 1. N Engl J Med 2012;366:216–224.
Turning Classical Bile Acid Physiology Into Everyday Pharmacology: Impact Of a Bile Acid Transporter Inhibitor On Chronic Constipation
25 May 2012
Eamonn M.M. Quigley
Chey WD, Camilleri M, Chang L, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled phase IIb trial of A3309, a bile acid transporter inhibitor, in chronic idiopathic constipation. Am J Gastroenterol 2011;106:1803...
Covering the Cover
25 May 2012
Anson W. Lowe, Richard H. Moseley
Helicobacter pylori infection remains a significant concern because of its high prevalence, association with ulcer disease, causal relationship to gastrointestinal cancer, and the rising incidence of ...
Endoscopic Versus Surgical Resection for Barrett's Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma: Beyond a Therapeutic Equipoise
25 May 2012
Kenneth K. Wang
Pech O, Bollschweiler E, Manner H, et al. Comparison between endoscopic and surgical resection of mucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus at 2 high-volume centers. Ann Surg 2011;254:6...
Managing the Complications of Cirrhosis: A Practical Approach
24 May 2012
Mitchell L. Shiffman
Managing the Complications of Cirrhosis, edited by Atif Zaman, MD, is a fairly well-written and concise paperback text designed to assist the nontransplant physician in the management of patients with...
How Can We Improve Quality of Care for Patients with Cirrhosis?
24 May 2012
Michael L. Volk
- Full Text
- PDF (520 KB)

View More Articles in Press...

American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
October 2008 (Vol. 135 | No. 4 | Pages 1383-1391.e5)
Peter J. Kahrilas, Nicholas J. Shaheen, Michael F. Vaezi
American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: Guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic diarrhea
June 1999 (Vol. 116 | No. 6 | Pages 1461-1463)
AGA Institute Medical Position Statement on Acute Pancreatitis
May 2007 (Vol. 132 | No. 5 | Pages 2019-2021)
John Baillie
American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the Management of Barrett's Esophagus
March 2011 (Vol. 140 | No. 3 | Pages 1084-1091)
American Gastroenterological Association
Screening and Surveillance for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Adenomatous Polyps, 2008: A Joint Guideline From the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology
May 2008 (Vol. 134 | No. 5 | Pages 1570-1595)
Bernard Levin, David A. Lieberman, Beth McFarland, Kimberly S. Andrews, Durado Brooks, John Bond, Chiranjeev Dash, Francis M. Giardiello, Seth Glick, David Johnson, C. Daniel Johnson, Theodore R. Levin, Perry J. Pickhardt, Douglas K. Rex, Robert A. Smith, Alan Thorson, Sidney J. Winawer, American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Advisory Group, US Multi-Society Task Force, American College of Radiology Colon Cancer Committee
American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: Evaluation of liver chemistry tests, This document presents the official recommendations of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) on the Evaluation of Liver Chemistry Tests. It was approved by the Clinical Practice Committee on March 3, 2002 and by the AGA Governing Board on May 19, 2002.
October 2002 (Vol. 123 | No. 4 | Pages 1364-1366)
Increasing Incidence and Prevalence of the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases With Time, Based on Systematic Review
January 2012 (Vol. 142 | No. 1 | Pages 46-54.e42)
Natalie A. Molodecky, Ing Shian Soon, Doreen M. Rabi, William A. Ghali, Mollie Ferris, Greg Chernoff, Eric I. Benchimol, Remo Panaccione, Subrata Ghosh, Herman W. Barkema, Gilaad G. Kaplan
American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement: Evaluation of Dyspepsia
November 2005 (Vol. 129 | No. 5 | Pages 1753-1755)
Nicholas J. Talley
American Gastroenterological Association Institute Medical Position Statement on Corticosteroids, Immunomodulators, and Infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
March 2006 (Vol. 130 | No. 3 | Pages 935-939)
Gary R. Lichtenstein, Maria T. Abreu, Russell Cohen, William Tremaine
- Full Text
- PDF (76 KB)
AGA Institute Medical Position Statement on the Diagnosis and Management of Celiac Disease
December 2006 (Vol. 131 | No. 6 | Pages 1977-1980)
Martin F. Kagnoff

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On the Cover

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About Gastroenterology

Gastroenterology delivers up-to-date and authoritative coverage of both basic and clinical gastroenterology. Regular features include articles by leading authorities and reports on the latest treatments for diseases.

Journal Ranking

Gastroenterology is the premiere journal in the field of gastroenterology and hepatology, with an impact factor of 12.032.

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Press Highlights

Calorie Restriction Affects Intestinal Stem Cells and their Niche

Health Care Innovation Award Winners Announced

Inadequate Reporting of Trial Results to Clinicaltrials.gov

Image of the Week

A Pain in the Neck and Colon Polyps MRI of the neck revealing a diffusely infiltrating, soft tissue, fibrous tumor involving the upper back and posterior paraspinous soft tissues, consistent with a desmoid tumor.

3 videos:

Dr. Tai-ChungTseng discusses his manuscript "High Levels of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Increase Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Low HBV Load."

Video--flashvideo1gastro--http://www.youtube.com/v/nprxZzUJylM

Dr. Michael J. Levy discusses his manuscript "Comparison of Methods to Detect Neoplasia in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration."

Video--flashvideo2gastro--http://www.youtube.com/v/_E-pRACL29k

Dr. Josh Levitsky discusses his manuscript “Risk for Immune-Mediated Graft Dysfunction in Liver Transplant Recipients With Recurrent HCV Infection Treated With Pegylated Interferon.”

Video--flashvideo3gastro--http://www.youtube.com/v/IseXZplwr4g

Reviews in Basic and Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

What We Have Learned About Pancreatic Cancer From Mouse Models

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most devastating malignancies worldwide. A total of 43,140 new cases (ranked 10th) and 36,800 deaths (ranked 4th) from pancreatic cancer were estimated to occur in the United States during 2010, with an overall 5-year survival rate of just 6%.

Imaging and Advanced Technology

Circulating MicroRNA in Digestive Tract Cancers

For many decades, cell-free nucleic acids have been known to be present in peripheral blood. Several studies have identified tumor-specific and/or tumor-associated alterations in the circulating nucleic acids of patients with various cancers. In recent years, cell-free microRNA (miRNA) have been stably detected in the plasma and serum, like other molecules; their presence in the blood has attracted the attention of researchers due to their potential use as valuable blood biomarkers.

Editorial

Variants in Autophagy Genes Affect Susceptibility to Both Crohn's Disease and Helicobacter pylori Infection

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that selectively colonizes the stomachs of half the world's human population. H pylori is the etiologic agent of several gastric diseases, including chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. Long-term, chronic inflammation subsequently increases the risk for the development of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer.