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MANUSCRIPTS All manuscripts must be submitted through the Surgical Neurology online submission and review Web site: http://ees.elsevier.com/sun/ . Authors are requested to submit the cover letter, abbreviations list, text, tables, and artwork in electronic form to this address. The cover letter must confirm work is original, it has not been previously published, in whole or part, nor has it been simultaneously submitted to any other journal. This restriction does not apply to abstracts or press reports published in connection with scientific meetings. Copies of any closely related manuscripts should be submitted to the Editor. The submission of more than one manuscript dealing with related aspects of the same study is discouraged.

Submission Checklist (Reguired Files): Cover Letter, Abbreviations List, Manuscript (Title Page through Figure Legends), and Tables, Figures or Video-Media files if any. Note: Entering Title, Abstract, Key Words, Abbreviations in required fields of the electronic system does not preclude their inclusion in the manuscript file. Authors are required to carefully review the checklist before proceeding with their submission.

Revised submissions require 1) highlighted manuscript for ease in identifying the new or revised text, and 2) a clean manuscript. If a revised submission is accepted, it is the clean document that is used by the publisher. Both the highlighted and clean manuscripts should be identical in text content, except for the highlighting.

The Publisher and Editors regret that they are not able to consider submissions that do not follow these procedures.

The entire manuscript must be typed, double-spaced, with minimum 1" margins all around and formatted for US Letter (8.50 x 11.0 in). The manuscript should be arranged in this order: title page, abstract, key words, abbreviations list, text, acknowledgments and support lines, references, tables and figure legends. All pages should be numbered with the first author's name and the page number in the upper right corner of each page, numbered consecutively, beginning with the title page. All measurements should be given in metric units; all abbreviations should be according to the CBE Style Manual.

TITLE PAGE The title of the paper should be short, specific, and clear. The title page should also include the author(s) first and surname(s) with no more than two graduate degrees and the department and institution of each author, including city, country and postal code. Also provide the name, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail address, and exact postal address of the author responsible for communications, proofs, and reprint requests.

ABSTRACT Provide on a separate page an abstract of no more than 250 words. It should consist of four categories labeled "Background," "Methods," "Results," and "Conclusions." Respectively, they should briefly describe the problem being addressed, how the study was performed, the salient results, and what the authors conclude from the results. Acronyms, footnotes, and references should not be used in the abstract. For case reports, "Methods" and "Results" sections may be replaced with "Case Description," if appropriate.

KEYWORDS Three to 10 key words or short phrases should be included at the bottom of the abstract page; these will help index the article, and may be published with the abstract. Use terms from the Medical Subject Headings from Index Medicus.ABBREVIATIONS LIST Provide an alphabetical list of all abbreviations used in the manuscript plus their expanded (spelled-out) forms as part of the required submission items. Abbreviations should take the form "VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor." Consult the CBE Style Manual (Sixth edition. Bethesda, MD: Council of Biology Editors, 1994) for lists of standard abbreviations.

REFERENCES References should be identified in the text by Arabic numerals in brackets. They should be typed, double-spaced, in alphabetical order and numbered consecutively, listing the first three authors for each reference. Personal communications and unpublished data should be mentioned in the text in parentheses rather than being included in the reference list.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of references. References from journals should include first three authors, the full title of the article, the name of the journal abbreviated according to the Index Medicus, and inclusive page numbers. The style and punctuation must follow the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (prepared by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, and published in Ann Intern Med 1982;96:766-71; (www.annals.org) or as shown in the following examples:

Article - Goyal RN. Epidural lipoma causing compression of the spinal cord. Surg Neurol 1980;14:77-9.
Book - Siegal GJ, Albers RW, Katzman R, Agranoff BW. Basic neurochemistry. 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1976:140-9.
Chapter in a Book - Ozonoff MD, Burrows EH. Intracranial calcification. In: Newton TH, Potts DG, eds. Radiology of the skull and brain. Vol 1, book 2. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1974:323-73.

TABLES The number of tables should be limited, and they should be restricted to materials best presented in tabular form. Tables should be typed, double-spaced, on separate pages with the table number and title centered above and explanatory notes below it.

FIGURES Figures should be professionally designed and submitted in electronic file separate from manuscript file. Color figures have associated costs. The authors should be prepared to pay $650 for the first figure and $100 per additional figure in the same article for publication costs. Color art will be printed in the online edition at no additional cost.

Symbols, lettering, and numbering should be clear and large enough to remain legible after the figure has been reduced to fit the width of a single column. The use of arrows or other markers is encouraged; any such markers must be placed directly on the photos. The figure number, author's name, and figure orientation should be identified. If photographs of patients are used, either the subjects must not be identifiable, or their pictures must be accompanied by written permission for their publication use.

Figure numbers should correspond with the order in which the figures are presented in the text. Figure legends (included in the Manuscript File) should provide enough information to interpret the figure without reference to the text. For photomicrographs, provide stain and magnification data, and a reference bar when relevant.

ELECTRONIC ART WORK Complete instructions for submission can be found at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00903019 (click on Information for Authors).

DRUG NAMES Generally, generic names should be used. When proprietary brands are used in research, include the brand name in parentheses in the Methods section.

PERMISSIONS Materials taken from other sources (e.g., quotations exceeding 100 words, tables, or illustrations) must be accompanied by written statements from the copyright holder giving permission to Surgical Neurology for reproduction. Written permission must also be included for: any persons identifiable in figures, at least one author of papers still in press, unpublished data, and personal communications.

REVIEW AND ACTION Manuscripts are examined by the editorial staff and are usually sent to outside reviewers. Authors may suggest the names of possible reviewers, but we reserve the right of final selection. The review process, on average, is six to twelve weeks.

CASE REPORTS Only those case reports that provide significant new scientific or practical information will be considered for publication. To be accepted, case reports must reveal new biological phenomena or new surgical strategies and should be brief and straightforward. Generally, preference is given to a larger clinical series.

SPECIAL TOPICS Articles on subjects of general interest (e.g., medico-legal issues, socioeconomics, health care, etc.) as well as meeting reviews and book reviews may be submitted and will also be subjected to the peer review process; publication will be at the editor's discretion.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR The opinions expressed in the scientific articles and letters published in Surgical Neurology are those of their authors. Letters to the Editor will be published if found acceptable. All letters will be subject to abbreviation or editorial alteration. Every effort will be made not to alter the author's meaning.

FDF GALLEY PROOFS Corrected fdf galley proofs (along with signed copyright transfer and reprint order, if applicable) must be returned to the publisher within 48 hours.

REPRINTS All reprint orders must be submitted when the corrected page proofs are returned; late orders are subject to an additional charge. Reprints for commercial use will be supplied at rates obtainable from the publisher, with the understanding that they will be used as supplied and that nothing additional will be printed on them. Written consent for commercial reprints must be obtained from the author.