Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery is an international journal publishing papers and reports on the clinical aspects of neurology and neurosurgery.

Types of Papers
Neurological Progress
Neurological Progress, concerning new developments in the field of clinical neurology and neurosurgery.

Special Articles
Special articles written by invited authors.

Original Articles
Full-length papers devoted to the scope and purpose of the journal. As a rule papers should be divided into sections headed by a caption.Title page, abstract (structured headings: objective, methods, results, conclusion), introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion, references.

Case Reports
To be considered for publication, individual case reports need to have important and novel learning points and report on unusual syndromes or diseases; a simple narrative or challenging patient(s) is insufficient. Case reports must adhere to the following requirements; there must be no abstract it must not exceed 1500 words excluding references and figures up to 3-5 Highlights, each bullet point consisting of up to 75 characters each(including spaces) a maximum of five (5)keywords up to 5 references, up to 3 figures or 3 tables . In addition, as a rule papers must be divided into the following sections headed by a caption: introduction, case report, discussion, conclusion, references

Letters to the Editor
Letters to the Editors comments on articles in Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery.

Book Reviews
Announcements are carried at the Editor's and Publisher's discretion.

Online submission of manuscripts
The preferred medium of final submission to the accepting Editor is online with the accompanying reviewed and revised manuscript (see "Electronic manuscripts" below). Submission of a paper to Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery is understood to imply that it has not previously been published (except in abstract form) and that it is not being published elsewhere. Submitted manuscripts should be accompanied by statement undersigned by all listed authors that they concur with the submission and that the manuscript has been approved by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out. If accepted, the manuscript shall not be published elsewhere in the same form in either the same or any other language, without the consent of the Editor and Publisher. The decision of the Editor is final. The Editor cannot enter into correspondence about a paper considered unsuitable for publication.

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery uses an online, electronic submission system called EES (Elsevier Editorial System). By accessing the following website

httt://ees.elsevier.com/cnn

you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. When submitting a manuscript to EES, authors need to provide an electronic version of their manuscript. The author should select a set of classifications from a list, and a category designation for their manuscript (original article, letter to the editor, short communication, etc.). Details of three reviewers that are required with a submission can be provided in the comments box or at a later stage when uploading the files for submission.

Authors may send queries concerning the submission process, manuscript status, or journal procedures to the Editorial Office (cnn@elsevier.com). Once the uploading is done, the system automatically generates an electronic (PDF) proof, which is then used for reviewing. All correspondence, including the Editor's decision and request for revisions, will be by e-mail.

Manuscript Preparation
Manuscripts, in English, must be submitted in double-spaced typing on pages of uniform size (preferably A4 or 8" x 11"). As a rule, papers should be divided into sections, headed by a caption (e.g., Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, References). Please do not split the article into separate files (title page as one file, text as another, etc.). Ensure that the letter "l" and digit "1" (also letter "O" and digit "0") have been used properly, and structure your article (tabs, indents, etc.) consistently. Characters not available on your wordprocessor (Greek letters, mathematical symbols, etc.) should not be left open but indicated by a unique code (e.g., gralpha, @, #, etc., for the Greek letter ?). Such codes should be used consistently throughout the entire text. Please make a list of such codes and provide a key. Do not allow your wordprocessor to introduce word splits and do not use a "justified" layout. Please adhere strictly to the general instructions on style/arrangement and, in particular, the reference style of the journal. It is very important that you save your file in the wordprocessor format. If your wordprocessor features the option to save files "in flat ASCII", please do not use it.

Illustrations
Figures of good quality should be submitted online as a separate file. The lettering should be large enough to permit photographic reduction. Legends should be typed together on a separate page in the electronic manuscript. If a figure cannot be submitted online, a hardcopy may be sent; please contact the Editorial Office (cnn@elsevier.com) for further instructions.

Colour Reproduction
Reproduction in colour will have to be approved by the Editor. Authors will be required to pay a fee towards the extra costs incurred in colour reproduction. The charges are Euro 300.00 (approx. USD 300) for the first page involving colour, and Euro 200.00 (approx. USD 200) per page for all subsequent pages involving colour in a given article (all prices including sales tax).

If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g. ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For further information on the preparation of the electronic artwork, please see

http://www.elsevier.com/locate/authorartwork

If illustrations from previous articles or books are to be used in papers submitted to Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, the written permission of both author and publisher must accompany each illustration.

Tables
Tables should be submitted online as a separate file and should bear a short descriptive title. Legends for each table should appear on the same page as the table.

Abstract
An abstract of approximately 200 words is mandatory at the beginning of each article. Authors full names, academic or professional affiliations, and complete addresses must be included on the title page

Keywords
Normally 6-8 items should be included either on the title page or following the Abstract. Authors are encouraged to choose their own keywords, but Medical Subject Headings (issued with the January Index Medicus, latest edition) may be used as a guide line.

References
Citation in the text should be by numbers in square brackets. All references cited in the text must be listed at the end of the paper, in double-spaced typing and arranged in numerical order of citation in the text. References must be complete, including initial(s) of autor(s) cited, year of publication, title of paper referred to, journal, volume, and page numbers. Journal titles should be abbreviated according to Index Medicus, List of Journals Indexed, latest edition. For citations of books the following uniform sequence should be maintained: author(s) names and initials, year of publication, editor(s), complete title of book, publisher, place of publication, and page numbers. All references cited in the text must be listed in the reference list and vice versa. Manuscripts in preparation and submitted but not accepted as well as "personal communications" should not appear in the reference list, but should be cited as such at the appropriate place in the text. For examples of the forms of reference citations see a recent number of the journal. This journal should be abbreviated as "Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg.".

Examples:
1. Kowler E. Reviews in Oculomotor Research. Vol. 4 Eye Movements and Their Role in Visual and Cognitive Processes. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V. Publishers 1990:486 pp.
2. Starr A, Kristeva, R, Cheyne D, Lindinger G, Deecke L. Localization of brain activity during auditory verbal short-term memory derived from magnetic recordings. Brain Res 1991;558:181-190.
3. Kolb B. Animal models for human PFC-related disorders. In: Uylings HBM, Van Eden CG, De Bruin JPC, Corner MA, Feenstra MGP, editors. The Prefrontal Cortex: Its Structure, Function and Pathology. Progress in Brain Research, Vol. 85. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V. Publishers 1990:501-519.

Copyright Transfer
In consideration of accepted manuscripts for publication, the copyright is transferred to and administered by Elsevier. All proprietary rights other than copyright (such as patent rights) are reserved to the author, as well as the right to use original figures and tables in future works, provided full credit is given to the original publication.If the manuscripts is work prepared by employee(s) of the United Kingdom or the United States government as part of their official duties, copyright cannot be fully transferred to Elsevier, and authors must mention one of the following statements on the title page to their manuscript:
•= This manuscript was written in the course of employment by the United Kingdom and it is subject to Crown copyright.
•= This manuscript was written in the course of employment by the United States Government and it is not subject to copyright in the United States.

Informed Consent/Ethics of Experimentation
Authors reporting experimental studies on humans must specify that the research received prior approval by the appropriate institutional review body and that informed consent was obtained from each subject or patient. Manuscripts describing investigations in animals must clearly indicate the steps taken to eliminate pain and suffering. Authors have a duty to protect their subjects, animal or human, and to show clearly in their writing a recognition of the moral issues involved.

Changes to authorship
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted manuscripts:Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange the author names, must be sent to the Journal Manager from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a) the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the Journal Manager to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Journal Managers will inform the Journal Editors of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship has been agreed. After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.

Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies

Preparation of Supplementary Material
Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit http://www.elsevier.com/authors.

Supplementary files can be submitted on disk; these files can be stored on 3.5 inch diskette, ZIP-disk, or CD/DVD (either MS-Windows or Macintosh).

Proofs
Proofs will be sent to the first-named author of an article unless an alternative is requested on the title page of the manuscript. They should be checked carefully and returned to the publisher within 2 days of receipt. Only typesetting errors may be corrected: no changes in or additions to the edited original manuscript will be allowed at this stage.

Page Charge
There will be no page charges.

Reprints
Reprints may be ordered by completing and returning to the Publisher the order form sent with the proofs. 50 reprints per contribution will be made available free of charge.

Queries
Queries about a manuscript after its acceptance, especially those relating to proofs, publication and reprints, should be directed to the publisher: Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Bay 15K, Shannon Industrial Estate
Shannon, Co. Clare
Ireland
Fax: +353-61-472144
Tel: +353-61-471944
specifying the editor's code/manuscript number.

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